Legal notices and policies.

Mentions légales

The French version of this notice is the governing version.

Ascendance Strategies is a brand and trading name of Expats Paris SASU, a société par actions simplifiée à associé unique registered in France.

Publisher

Expats Paris SASU
Share capital: €50
Registered office: 15 Allée d'Andrezieux, 75018 Paris, France
SIREN: 830 082 848 · RCS Paris B 830 082 848, Greffe de Paris
SIRET: 830 082 848 00011
Registered: 6 June 2017
Email: [email protected] · Tel: +33 7 51 53 43 77

Publication director

Michael Bahati.

Hosting

OVH SAS, société par actions simplifiée
2 rue Kellermann, 59100 Roubaix, France
Telephone: 1007 (from France) or +33 9 72 10 10 07
RCS Lille Métropole 424 761 419

Intellectual property

All content on this site, including analysis, briefs, dossiers, registers, ratings, graphics, the Ascendance Strategies name and wordmark, and the site's structure, is the exclusive property of Expats Paris SASU or its licensors and is protected under French and international copyright law.

As regards the registers, Expats Paris SASU is a database producer within the meaning of articles L341-1 and following of the French Intellectual Property Code. The registers compile data drawn from public official sources. That underlying public data remains public. The compilation, structuring, verification, enrichment and updating of it constitute a separately protected substantial investment.

Any reproduction, extraction, distribution or reuse without prior written authorisation is prohibited. See Terms of Service for the extraction provisions in full.

Right of reply

Any person or entity named in published content may request a correction or exercise a right of reply by writing to [email protected], specifying the content concerned and the passages contested. Receipt is acknowledged and a response provided within the applicable legal time limits. Established corrections are published visibly and dated.

Privacy Policy

This policy explains what personal data Ascendance Strategies (Expats Paris SASU) collects, why, and your rights under the GDPR and the French Loi Informatique et Libertés. The data controller is Expats Paris SASU, at the address above.

Given its size and the nature of its processing, the publisher is not required to appoint a data protection officer and has not appointed one.

Data we collect

• Account and subscription data: name, professional email, organisation, billing details, processed to operate your subscription.
• Usage data: pages viewed, saved items and preferences, used to deliver and improve the service.
• Communications: messages you send us and newsletter subscription status.
• Technical data: IP address, browser type, and cookies according to your consent settings.

Why we process it

To provide subscriber access, process payments, send the briefings you request, respond to enquiries, meet legal and accounting obligations, and secure the platform. Card data is handled by our payment processor; we never collect or store card numbers.

Legal bases

Performance of your subscription contract; your consent, for marketing email and non-essential cookies, withdrawable at any time; our legal obligations, for accounting records; and our legitimate interest in operating and securing the service.

Recipients

Your data is accessible to authorised personnel bound by confidentiality, and to processors falling within the following categories, each bound by commitments compliant with article 28 GDPR: hosting provider, subscription management provider, email service provider, payment provider, and audience measurement provider where used. The identity of each is provided on request. The host is named in the Mentions légales, as required by law. Where a transfer outside the European Economic Area occurs, it is framed by standard contractual clauses or an adequacy decision.

We do not sell, rent or transfer your data to third parties for commercial purposes.

Retention

Account data for the life of your subscription, then three years from last contact. Accounting records ten years, as required by law. Usage data thirteen months maximum. Newsletter data until you unsubscribe.

Your rights

You may access, correct, delete, port or restrict processing of your data, object to it, and give directions as to its fate after your death, by writing to [email protected]. A response is provided within one month, extendable by two where the request is complex. You may lodge a complaint with the CNIL, 3 place de Fontenoy, TSA 80715, 75334 Paris Cedex 07.

Cookies

Strictly necessary cookies run the site and are exempt from consent under article 82 of the Loi Informatique et Libertés. Analytics cookies are set only with your consent. Refusing is as simple as accepting, and no non-essential cookie is set before you consent. Manage your preferences through the cookie banner at any time.

Data appearing in published content

Published analysis may name persons acting in their public or professional capacity, on the basis of identified and dated public sources. This rests on legitimate interest and on the exemptions applicable to processing for journalistic purposes. See the right of reply above.

Terms of Use

By accessing this site you agree to these Terms of Use. If you do not agree, do not use the site.

Permitted use

The site and its open content are provided for your personal and professional information. You may read it and share links to publicly accessible pages. Short quotation with attribution and a link is permitted. You may not scrape, bulk-download, republish or resell content without written permission. See the Terms of Service for the extraction provisions applying to the registers.

No advisory relationship

Content published on this site is analysis, not advice. Reading it creates no advisory, fiduciary or client relationship, and no duty on us to alert or update you individually. Advisory engagements begin only under a signed scope of work following a diagnostic call.

Independence

Confidential information provided by an advisory client never appears in published content, which is prepared exclusively from identified public sources. Conversely, an advisory engagement confers no right of review, no priority of access, and no right to delay or withdraw any publication or rating.

No warranty

Content is provided in good faith and on a best-efforts basis. Claims are checked against primary sources and carry explicit confidence ratings and data vintage, but we make no warranty that any content is complete, current, or error-free, and we accept no liability for decisions taken on the basis of it.

Availability

We may modify, suspend or withdraw any part of the site at any time without notice.

Terms of Service

These Terms of Service govern paid subscriptions.

Subscriptions and billing

Subscriptions are billed in advance through our payment processor. Tier inclusions are as described on the Subscribe page. Prices are exclusive of VAT, applied where required.

Consumer right of withdrawal

Subscriptions are the supply of digital content not provided on a tangible medium, within the meaning of article L221-28, 13° of the French Consumer Code.

A consumer subscriber has fourteen days to withdraw. That right does not apply where, at subscription, you expressly requested immediate access before the period expired and expressly acknowledged thereby losing the right of withdrawal. Both consents are collected separately at checkout and retained.

Absent both express consents, a consumer subscriber retains the full fourteen-day right and obtains a full refund, with nothing due for use during that period.

This right does not apply to subscribers acting for professional purposes.

Cancellation

You may cancel at any time; access continues to the end of the paid period and does not renew. Beyond the withdrawal right above, fees already paid are non-refundable except where required by law.

Acceptable use of subscriber content

Subscriber content is licensed to the named subscriber for internal professional use. Seats are personal and non-transferable. Redistribution outside your organisation, or beyond your licensed seats, is prohibited. Enterprise seat terms are set out in your agreement.

Extraction and reuse of the registers

In accordance with article L342-1 of the French Intellectual Property Code, the extraction of all or a qualitatively or quantitatively substantial part of the registers to another medium is prohibited, as is the reuse of any such part by making it available to the public. Repeated and systematic extraction of non-substantial parts is prohibited where it exceeds normal use.

Prohibited without prior written authorisation: robots, site harvesters, automated extraction scripts or equivalent processes; the creation of a derived database; and the incorporation of the registers or substantial extracts into any product, service or tool intended for third parties.

Reasonable internal use by licensed subscribers, including consultation, search and occasional extraction of non-substantial items for your own work, remains permitted.

Suspension

Access may be suspended or terminated for breach of these terms, in particular exceeding your licensed seats, sharing credentials, or prohibited extraction, after notice remaining without effect for fifteen days, save where the breach is serious.

Liability

Our liability under a subscription is limited to the amount paid in the twelve months preceding the event. Indirect damage, including loss of business, revenue, contract or opportunity, is excluded. These limits do not apply in cases of gross negligence or wilful misconduct.

Enterprise engagements

Enterprise subscriptions and commissioned work are arranged through direct agreement and are not sold through public checkout.

Amendment

We may amend these terms. Current subscribers are notified by email at least thirty days before changes take effect, and substantial unfavourable changes give a right to cancel with a pro rata refund.

Governing law

These terms are governed by French law. Disputes fall under the jurisdiction of the competent courts of Paris, subject to mandatory consumer-protection rules. The French version prevails.

Analytical Disclaimer

Nature of the publications

Published content is analysis and information. It is not investment advice, legal advice, or tax advice, and it is not a recommendation to enter into any transaction. We are not a law firm and provide no legal services.

Confidence and vintage

Findings carry explicit confidence indications reflecting the state of the sources at publication. Registers state the date of the sources they reflect. That date, not the date you read them, determines the scope of the information. Congolese official data carries reporting delays. No register substitutes for direct consultation of the competent official registers.

Ratings

Published ratings express a reasoned analytical opinion at a given date, based on identified sources and a published methodology.

They do not constitute credit ratings within the meaning of Regulation (EC) No 1060/2009. We are neither registered nor certified as a credit rating agency and do not carry on that activity.

They measure neither the probability of default nor the credit quality of any issuer, debt, security or financial instrument, and must not be used for those purposes, including regulatory, prudential or valuation purposes.

They are not investment recommendations. They may change, and reflect information available at their date.

We receive no remuneration from rated entities, and no publication, rating or publication schedule is subject to any consideration.

Named entities

Analysis may name persons and entities where necessary and based on identified, dated public sources. Contested or unestablished information is presented as such. See the right of reply in the Mentions légales.