The First Congolese Tin Bound for America Has a Road Problem
A Virginia plant has bought a fifth of Bisie's output. The sanctions question on that tonne now sits on the road out of Walikale, not at the mine.
Every named Western refinery that has publicly secured Congolese cobalt hydroxide holds a contract with Glencore. None holds a commitment from Kinshasa. After 2027 that is the only commitment that counts.
The second Joint Steering Committee meeting was not a routine progress update. It was the last practical sitting before the Agreement's twelve-month fiscal review window closes on 4 December.
The FRN Wants MONUSCO Gone. Kinshasa Wants Goma Off-Limits.
Army. Minerals. Ministry. Bank. Preferential trade access. In eight months Washington has systematically raised the cost of routing Congolese material through Rwanda. The corridor remains usable. The Rwandan node is not.
A new investigation shows an ISIL-affiliated insurgency financing itself from Congolese gold sold through Uganda. The armed group's take is small. The trade carrying it is where investors are exposed.
Kinshasa Reopened the Counter. The Zones Are Still Missing.
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