The FRN Wants MONUSCO Gone. Kinshasa Wants Goma Off-Limits.
Army. Minerals. Ministry. Bank. Preferential trade access. In eight months Washington has systematically raised the cost of routing Congolese material through Rwanda. The corridor remains usable. The Rwandan node is not.
A new investigation shows an ISIL-affiliated insurgency financing itself from Congolese gold sold through Uganda. The armed group's take is small. The trade carrying it is where investors are exposed.
Kinshasa Reopened the Counter. The Zones Are Still Missing.
The US sent Treasury, not its development bank, to chair the first Grand Inga meeting. That choice says more about how the dam will be financed than anything the meeting announced.
Nine months after the Orion memorandum, the sequence of moves has come from Kinshasa. Each one raised the state's take before the buyer closed. Washington's development bank and its export credit agency now sit on both sides of the same copper.
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